The brains of preschool-age children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) show significant structural differences compared with the brains of children without the condition, finds a study in the Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society. Researchers used high-resolution MRI scans to study the brains of 90 4- and 5-year-old, 52 who had ADHD and 38 who did not. Preschoolers with ADHD had significantly reduced brain volume across regions of the cerebral cortex involved in attention and motor control, including the frontal, temporal and parietal lobes. In addition, children with more severe symptoms had larger reductions in cortical volume. (Monitor on Psychology)

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